Search results for "Random sample"

showing 10 items of 12 documents

Optimal selection of individuals for repeated covariate measurements in follow-up studies

2016

Repeated covariate measurements bring important information on the time-varying risk factors in long epidemiological follow-up studies. However, due to budget limitations, it may be possible to carry out the repeated measurements only for a subset of the cohort. We study cost-efficient alternatives for the simple random sampling in the selection of the individuals to be remeasured. The proposed selection criteria are based on forms of the D-optimality. The selection methods are compared with the simulation studies and illustrated with the data from the East–West study carried out in Finland from 1959 to 1999. The results indicate that cost savings can be achieved if the selection is focuse…

AdultStatistics and ProbabilityTime Factorsdata collectionEpidemiologyComputer sciencemissing covariate data01 natural sciences010104 statistics & probability03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHealth Information ManagementRisk FactorsStatisticsCovariateEconometricsHumans030212 general & internal medicineoptimal design0101 mathematicsrepeated measurementsFinlandSelection (genetic algorithm)Event (probability theory)ta112Data collectionPatient SelectionFollow up studiesta3142follow-up studyMiddle AgedSimple random sampleCardiovascular DiseasesResearch DesignCohortseurantatutkimusSelection methodFollow-Up StudiesStatistical Methods in Medical Research
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A Procedure for Selecting Representative Subsamples of a Population from a Simple Random Sample

2015

This paper proposes a procedure for selecting large subsamples drawn from a large simple random sample that are more representative of the population under study. By means of the so-called constant of proportionality, the procedure seeks to maximize the size of the subsample taken from a stratified random sample with proportional allocation, restricting it to a p-value high enough to achieve a good fit using Pearson’s chi-square goodness of fit test. The user has the freedom to choose between a larger subsample with poorer adjustment or a smaller subsample with a better fit. We use the Continuous Sample of Working Lives (CSWL), a set of micro data taken from Spanish Social Security records,…

Engineeringeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryPopulationSample (statistics)Simple random sampleRepresentativeness heuristicStratified samplingGoodness of fitStatisticsEconometricsChi-square testp-valuebusinesseducationSSRN Electronic Journal
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Los emprendedores surgidos de las empresas multinacionales de inversión extranjera directa: un estudio exploratorio en Costa Rica

2014

ResumenEl presente trabajo busca evaluar la creación de empresas por parte de exempleados de empresas multinacionales de inversión extranjera directa. En concreto, se busca dimensionar el fenómeno, caracterizarlo, así como valorar el desempeño de las empresas creadas. El estudio se hizo mediante un muestreo aleatorio simple con margen de error del 7% y nivel de confianza del 95%, sobre una base de datos de 11.120 exempleados de empresas multinacionales en Costa Rica (n=175). Además se utilizó un grupo control ad hoc. Los resultados muestran cómo son estos emprendedores, el proceso creador experimentado, las características y el desempeño de las nuevas empresas.AbstractThe aim of this invest…

Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas y EconómicasEconomics and EconometricsInvestimento estrangeiro directoEmpresas multinacionaisEstudios GerencialesL26Strategy and ManagementMargin of errorForeign direct investmentlcsh:BusinessManagement of Technology and InnovationCriação de empresasProducción intelectual registrada - Universidad IcesiMultinational corporationsBusiness and International ManagementCreación de empresasMarketingWelfare economicsEntrepreneurshipSimple random sampleEmprendedoresEconomyInversión extranjera directaBusinessF23lcsh:HF5001-6182Foreign direct investmentFinanceEmpresas multinacionalesInversiones extranjeras directasEstudios Gerenciales
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Improving the Representativeness of a Simple Random Sample: An Optimization Model and Its Application to the Continuous Sample of Working Lives

2020

This paper proposes an optimization model for selecting a larger subsample that improves the representativeness of a simple random sample previously obtained from a population larger than the population of interest. The problem formulation involves convex mixed-integer nonlinear programming (convex MINLP) and is, therefore, NP-hard. However, the solution is found by maximizing the size of the subsample taken from a stratified random sample with proportional allocation and restricting it to a p-value large enough to achieve a good fit to the population of interest using Pearson&rsquo

General MathematicsPopulation0211 other engineering and technologiessubsamplingSample (statistics)02 engineering and technologyRepresentativeness heuristic:CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS [UNESCO]Nonlinear programming0502 economics and businessStatisticsComputer Science (miscellaneous)Chi-square testchi-square testp-value050207 economicseducationEngineering (miscellaneous)Mathematicseducation.field_of_study021103 operations researchlcsh:Mathematics05 social sciencesUNESCO::CIENCIAS ECONÓMICASp-valueSimple random samplelcsh:QA1-939Stratified samplingOptimización matemáticacontinuous sample of working livesEconomía públicaoptimizationMathematics
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Trends in the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Italy between 1991 and 2010

2012

The prevalence of asthma increased worldwide until the 1990s, but since then there has been no clear temporal pattern. The present study aimed to assess time trends in the prevalence of current asthma, asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis in Italian adults from 1990 to 2010. The same screening questionnaire was administered by mail or phone to random samples of the general population (age 20-44 yrs) in Italy, in the frame of three multicentre studies: the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) (1991-1993; n=6,031); the Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults (ISAYA) (1998-2000; n=18,873); and the Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases (GEIRD) study (2007-2…

MalePediatricsCross-sectional study95% CI 1.19-1.59) from 1998-2000 to 2007-2010but since then there has been no clear temporal pattern. The present study aimed to assess time trends in the prevalence of current asthmaAbstract The prevalence of asthma increased worldwide until the 1990stemporal trendsSurveys and QuestionnairesEpidemiologySurveys and QuestionnaireMedicineasthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis in Italian adults from 1990 to 2010. The same screening questionnaire was administered by mail or phone to random samples of the general population (age 20-44 yrs) in ItalyYoung adultrespectively. The prevalence of current asthma was stable during the 1990s and increased (relative risk 1.38from 10.1% to 13.9% and from 16.8% to 25.8%education.field_of_studyAllergic rhinitis; Asthma; Epidemiology; Prevalence; Temporal trends; Wheezing;medicine.diagnostic_testSmokingthe median prevalence of current asthmaallergic rhinitis asthma epidemiology prevalence temporal trends wheezingItalyAbstract The prevalence of asthma increased worldwide until the 1990s but since then there has been no clear temporal pattern. The present study aimed to assess time trends in the prevalence of current asthma asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis in Italian adults from 1990 to 2010. The same screening questionnaire was administered by mail or phone to random samples of the general population (age 20-44 yrs) in Italy in the frame of three multicentre studies: the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) (1991-1993; n=6031); the Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults (ISAYA) (1998-2000; n=18873); and the Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases (GEIRD) study (2007-2010; n=10494). Time trends in prevalence were estimated using Poisson regression models in the centres that repeated the survey at different points in time. From 1991 to 2010 the median prevalence of current asthma wheezing and allergic rhinitis increased from 4.1% to 6.6% from 10.1% to 13.9% and from 16.8% to 25.8% respectively. The prevalence of current asthma was stable during the 1990s and increased (relative risk 1.38 95% CI 1.19-1.59) from 1998-2000 to 2007-2010 mainly in subjects who did not report allergic rhinitis. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis has increased continuously since 1991. The asthma epidemic is not over in Italy. During the past 20 yrs asthma prevalence has increased by 38% in parallel with a similar increase in asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis.mainly in subjects who did not report allergic rhinitis. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis has increased continuously since 1991. The asthma epidemic is not over in Italy. During the past 20 yrssymbolsasthma prevalence has increased by 38%FemaleepidemiologyHumanPulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAdult494). Time trends in prevalence were estimated using Poisson regression models in the centres that repeated the survey at different points in time. From 1991 to 2010in parallel with a similar increase in asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitismedicine.medical_specialtyRhinitis Allergic PerennialPopulationprevalencethe Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults (ISAYA) (1998-2000Settore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratorio031)and the Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases (GEIRD) study (2007-2010Settore MED/01 - Statistica Medicasymbols.namesakeYoung AdultAllergic rhinitiHumansRespiratory soundsPoisson regressioneducationAsthmaRespiratory SoundsCross-Sectional Studieallergic rhinitisbusiness.industrywheezingwheezing and allergic rhinitis increased from 4.1% to 6.6%Rhinitis Allergic Seasonalasthmain the frame of three multicentre studies: the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) (1991-1993medicine.disease873)Cross-Sectional Studiesn=10Relative riskTemporal trendRespiratory Soundn=6n=18business
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Dynamic Phase Diagram of the REM

2019

International audience; By studying the two-time overlap correlation function, we give a comprehensive analysis of the phase diagram of the Random Hopping Dynamics of the Random Energy Model (REM) on time-scales that are exponential in the volume. These results are derived from the convergence properties of the clock process associated to the dynamics and fine properties of the simple random walk in the $n$-dimensional discrete cube.

Physicsrandom environmentsspin glassesRandom energy model010102 general mathematicsagingrandom dynamicsSimple random sample01 natural sciencesLévy processclock processExponential function[MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR]010104 statistics & probabilityCorrelation functionLévy processesConvergence (routing)Statistical physics0101 mathematicsCube[MATH]Mathematics [math]Phase diagram
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The Reciprocal Influences among Motivation, Personality Traits, and Game Habits for Playing Pokémon GO

2018

This article reports a study exploring motivations of Pokémon Game use, individual differences related to personality traits, and game habits. First, it analyzed Pokémon GO motivations through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) by administering online the Pokémon GO Motivational Scale to a group of Italian gamers (N = 560). Successively, a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted testing three factorial models of Pokémon Game motivations on a selected random sample (N = 310). Results showed a three-factor model of Pokémon GO Game motivations (i.e. Personal Needs, Social Needs and Recreation), accounting for 68.9% of total variance plus a general higher order factor that best fits the…

Settore M-PSI/01 - Psicologia GeneraleRandom sampleHuman Factors and ErgonomicsConfirmatory factor analyses (CFA)Individual Difference0502 economics and businessMultivariant analysiPsychology0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesBig Five personality traitsPersonality traitComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS050107 human factorsMotivationThree-factors model05 social sciencesSettore M-PSI/03 - PsicometriaComputer Science ApplicationsHuman-Computer InteractionExploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)Factorial model[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology050211 marketingPsychologySocial psychologyReciprocal
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Selection of Large Sub-Samples from the Continuous Sample of Working Lives Representative of the Benefits Provided by the Spanish Public Pension Syst…

2016

The Continuous Sample of Working Lives (CSWL) is a set of anonymized microdata with information about individuals taken from Spanish Social Security records. It provides very valuable information, which is used in many studies on labor economics and in the analysis of the Spanish public pension system. This article presents two major contributions: The first is an analysis of how representative CSWL is of the population of pensioners for the period 2005-2013. It is concluded that the CSWL does not follow the same distribution as the population with respect to some types of benefits, and that this happens in most waves. One of the reasons is that it is obtained by simple random sampling, so …

Social securityeducation.field_of_studyPensionComputer sciencePopulationSampling designEconometricsMicrodata (statistics)educationSimple random sampleRepresentativeness heuristicStratified samplingSSRN Electronic Journal
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Horvitz-Thompson estimators for functional data: asymptotic confidence bands and optimal allocation for stratified sampling

2009

When dealing with very large datasets of functional data, survey sampling approaches are useful in order to obtain estimators of simple functional quantities, without being obliged to store all the data. We propose here a Horvitz--Thompson estimator of the mean trajectory. In the context of a superpopulation framework, we prove under mild regularity conditions that we obtain uniformly consistent estimators of the mean function and of its variance function. With additional assumptions on the sampling design we state a functional Central Limit Theorem and deduce asymptotic confidence bands. Stratified sampling is studied in detail, and we also obtain a functional version of the usual optimal …

Statistics and ProbabilityFOS: Computer and information sciencesApplied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsEstimatorSurvey samplingSimple random sampleAgricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)Statistics - ApplicationsStratified samplingMethodology (stat.ME)Sampling designStatisticsCluster samplingApplications (stat.AP)Statistics Probability and UncertaintyGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesBootstrapping (statistics)Statistics - MethodologyMathematicsVariance function
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A Bayesian comparison of cluster, strata, and random samples

1999

When sampling from finite populations, simple random sampling (SRS) is rarely used in practice, due to either high cost or information to be gained from more efficient designs. Bayesian hierarchical models are a natural framework to model the non-randomness in the sample. This paper concentrates on the effects that the design has on inference about characteristics of the finite population, and makes a critical comparison among some common designs.

Statistics and Probabilityeducation.field_of_studyApplied MathematicsBayesian probabilityPopulationSampling (statistics)Sample (statistics)Simple random sampleStratified samplingsymbols.namesakeStatisticssymbolsCluster samplingStatistics Probability and UncertaintyeducationMathematicsGibbs samplingJournal of Statistical Planning and Inference
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